grey dynamics

“Jihadi Drug”: Captagon Proliferation

October 28, 2020

Jeremy Walker

  Key Judgements   KJ-1.  The Syrian Civil War has increased the prevalence of Captagon, and has almost certainly led to the proliferation of production and Trafficking in neighbouring regions, including North and East Africa.   KJ-2. Historic tribal and family relations control the Trafficking of drugs in Libya. Without this blessing, it is highly unlikely that the Captagon routes would continue.   KJ-3. Given its proximity to Saudi Arabia and the Arabian Peninsula, it is almost certain that there is Captagon…

The Patriot Movement

October 14, 2020

Michael Ellmer

American History   The concept of a militia is no stranger to the American canon. Traces of civilian-military forces go back as far as the 1600s during the Colonial Period, over a century before the 13 colonies declared independence from British rule on the 4th of July 1776. The United States (US) Declaration of Independence was a pivotal act in the historical drama known as the American Revolution, and with the infancy of a new nation came the drafting of a…

Organised Crime in Ukraine: A Crippling Problem

April 23, 2020

Louis Tayler

This article aims to shed light on the smuggling problem within Ukraine and describe the why and how of the organised crime issues surrounding it.     A Crippling Problem   Ukraine is a nation suffering from a particular problem, driven in part by economic inequalities and illegal opportunities, but also exacerbated by a country in which Government, from the top down, is thoroughly corrupt, on an organised scale, and one that almost beggars belief. The problem, of course, is…

Boko Haram’s Deadliest Attack Hits Chad

April 21, 2020

Ana-Maria Baloi

  Why Does This Matter   The terrorist threat is growing in the Sahel. The number of attacks has doubled in 2019, with millions displaced. The latest attack conducted by Boko Haram on a military compound in Chad is their biggest one so far. The Republic of Chad is building a reputation as a leading African state in the fight against terrorism. However, last week’s attack raises concerns over Chad’s capacity to counter Boko Haram.     Overview   At…

Mayhem in Mozambique: ISIS Resurgence

April 14, 2020

Eren Ersozoglu

     Insurgent tactics have shifted towards targeting LNG supply lines and key towns. This is not only destabilising for the state but has resulted in thousands of residents fleeing the area. The Russian Wagner Group is an instrument of Russian investment, and private mercenaries are combatting the insurgency. After reports of 10 mercenaries being beheaded in November, doubts existed that they could contain the threat. The government, failing to address the growing reports, has facilitated the consolidation of power…

How Can MONUSCO Contain the Activities of the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF)

March 18, 2020

Jesutimilehin Akamo

      This article attempts to highlight what the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) can do to contain the Allied Democratic Force (ADF)’s activities. ADF is a militant group that operates on the borders between Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The ADF has inflicted damages in the region. Damages include displaced persons, civilian deaths, and other human rights abuses. MONUSCO may be the only solution.      …